Machine for gluing book backs



Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. MCCAIN ET AL MACHINE FOR GLUI NG BOOK BACKS Original Filed Jan. 31. 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 frzvenzora Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. MCCAIN ET AL 2,858,007

MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Jan. 31, 1950 WI' 1'? ZCjeaterEjV/{man 5 Inventor's ///'am LU. fl c'a yfztorrzey Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. MCCAIN ET AL MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS [12 1/212 zons ZCIIZ/Jbm W g /Ca 1'0, 2 zer' f1 E MW MZ an Oct. 28, 1958 W. W. M CAIN ET AL MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS Original Filed Jan. 31, 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 Ji /l orn egd Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. MCCAIN ET AL 2,853,007

MACHINE FOR cwmc BOOK BACKS Original Filed Jan. 31; 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 [nventom CAZUIV/IbmEZU2 4I/I/C. Ca in ea 1'' My? Crib fl w Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. M CAIN ET AL 2,858,007

MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS Original Filed Jan. 31, 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Inventors Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. MCCAIN ET AL MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS Original Filed Jan. 31, 1950 (a/n /m an nlrllll Inventors gi l/fig? Wjy Q 2.: erf. l7

- or): ega

Oct. 28, 1958 w. w. MCCAIN ETAL MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS Original Filed. Jan. 31, 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 R F R a R 5 F F9 R5 8 0 3 3 2 5 z 9 g i Z a f a N v v H l d a v I 1 m a mo 7. IL Q 9 w 8 W W 3 9 5 6 3 5 F 6 f ill f n ww 1W--- 4 m 6 o 1 n v H R A a I v 7. m 6 t. J. 4 N. u 1 m R F o n l R f -1 2 m 5 .4 IL/VP JC 1121/2 ni-ors' w.

-w. w. MCCAIN ET AL 2,858,007

Oct. 28, 1958 MACHINE FOR GLUING BOOK BACKS 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 Original Filed Jan. 31,1950

l1? uerazora J yqheycy United States Patent MACHINE son GLUING BOOK BACKS William W. McCain, Oak Park, and Chester E. Hillman, Park Ridge, 111., said Hillman assignor to said McCain Original application January 31, 1950, Serial No. 141,484,

now Patent No. 2,697,236. Divided and this applicafion June 1, 1954, Serial No. 433,326

8 Claims. (Cl. 198--29) This invention relates to the production of case bound books and particularly to machines for gluing the book backs, as such backs are defined by the folded edges of the several signatures that make up the book. The present application is a division of our application Serial No. 141,484, filed January 31, 1950, now Patent No. 2,697,23 6.

In the production of case bound books, the printed sheets are folded together and sewed to afford a plurality of sections, or signatures, and these signatures are then placed together in the proper order and the folded and sewed back edges of the signatures are glued together. In the event that the signatures are to be trimmed, this may be done either before or after the gluing operation is performed.

The glue that is applied to the book back is brushed after it has been applied to the back, thus forming grooves along the back in the space between the adjacent signatures, and after the gluing operation has been performed, the back is usually rounded in accordance with common practice prior to the application of the backing. In some instances, of course, the signatures may be sewed together by what is termed side sewing, and this may be performed prior to the gluing operation, or may be performed after the gluing operation but before the rounding and backing.

The operation of gluing the book backs has heretofore been quite a tedious and a relatively slow operation, and .it is an important object of the present invention to simplify the gluing of book backs, and to enable such gluing to be performed at a relatively high rate of speed while at the same time insuring uniformity and accuracy .in the finished product.

In the operations involved in gluing book backs, it has been quite troublesome to attain proper positioning of the :several signatures that are to be glued together to form each book, and another important object is to enable the signatures to be fed automatically into the gluing machine .in groups and to enable the signatures included in each such group to be readily shifted and positioned one with respect to the other so as to insure accuracy and uniformity .in the finished product. A related object is to enable such automatic feeding of the groups of signatures and such positioning or aligning of the signatures of such group with respect to each other to be readily and easily attained, and to accomplish this at a relatively high rate of speed in such a way that the operations may be performed by mechanism of a character that may be simply and easily maintained.

Where a high speed book back gluing machine is to be utilized, it is important that the machine be capable of handling books of different thicknesses and that the machine be so arranged to enable the machine to be set quickly and easily for any different thickness of book, and to enable this to be accomplished is another important object of the present invention.

Other and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings which,

by way of illustration, show preferred embodiments of the present invention and the principle thereof and what we now consider to be the best mode in which we have contemplated applying that principle. Other embodi ments of the invention embodying the same or equivalent principle may be used and structural changes may be made as desired by those skilled in the art without departingfrom the present invention.

In the drawings: t

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a book back gluing machine embodying the features of the present invention, a series of books being illustrated in position in the machine and in different steps of completion;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine;

Fig. 3 is an end view of the input end of the machine, the view being taken substantially along line 3-3 of Fig. 2 and being at an enlarged scale; 1 t

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary planview of the input end of the machine, the view being taken at a larger scale;

Fig. 4-A is a schematic perspective view illustrating an intermittent clutch utilized in the operation. of the supply magazine;

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the part of the machine shown in Fig. 4, the view being taken substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the rear edge jogger mechanism; 1

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional View taken substantially along line 7-7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view taken from the left in Figs. 6 and '7 and illustrating details of the rear edge jogger;

Fig. 9 is an end elevational view somewhat similar to Fig. 3 and taken partially in section along the line 9-9 in Figs. 4 and 5, but showing the books in their operative relationship with respect to the book feeding mechanism;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevational view illustrating the way in which the books are advanced from the book feeding mechanism toward the gluing mechanism;

Fig. lO-A is a vertical view showing a portion of the mechanism in Fig. 9 at an enlarged scale;

Fig. 11 is a side elevational view of a portion of the chain shown in Fig. 10;

Fig. 11-A is a sectional view taken along a line parallel to the plane of Fig. 11, but spaced between the side edges of the chain;

Fig. 12 is a plan view of one end of the supporting and clamping conveyor which receives the books from the feed chain and moves such books past the glue applying and brushing mechanism;

Fig. 13 is a side elevational view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 12;

Fig. 13-A is a plan View showing an alternative back up means for the clamping conveyor;

, Fig. 13-B is a sectional view taken along the line l3-Bl3-B of Fig. 13-A;

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the delivery end of the clamping conveyor;

Fig. 15 is a side elevational view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 14; t

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary plan View of the adjusting means for the clamping conveyor;

Fig. 17 is a sectional View taken along the line 17-17 of Fig. 17-A; and

Fig. 17-A is a side elevational view taken along the line 17A17-A of Fig. 16.

For purposes of disclosure, the invention is herein illustrated as embodied in book back gluing machine 30 into which assembled groups of signatures S may be fed in groups that are to constitute books as B, Figs. 1, 9 and 10 so that as the groups of signatures are advanced 3 through the machine, they may have glue applied thereto and properly brushed as described in our aforesaid patent so as to take the form shown thereby to glue the signatures together to form the books B.

The machine comprises an elongated table-like frame F at one end of which a supply magazine M is provided into which groups of signatures S may be introduced, and in the course of operation of the machine, as will hereinafter be described, each group of signatures S that is to constitute a book B is withdrawn from the rear end of the magazine and is forced downwardly into position upon advancing or feeding means which, as will hereinafter be described, are effective to impart a jogging action to the several signatures S so as to thereby place the folded lower edges thereof in a common plane. While such vertical jogging forces are being applied to the books, additional means are effective to apply horizontal jogging forces that are applied to the rear edges of the books to align the signatures in this direction. Such feeding or advancing means serve to discharge the books in succession into position between a pair of opposed clamping conveyors which engage opposite sides of the book to maintain several signatures S in the proper relationship to each other after the book has been moved off of the end of the initial feeding means. The clamping conveyors 35 thus hold the book in assembled relation while exposing the lower or folded edges of the signatures S, and as advancing movement of the books B is continued, these books B move successively into position over a glue applying and brushing unit 38, Fig. 2, which is illustrated and described in detail in our aforesaid patent. It may be noted here, however, that the arrangement is such that glue is applied to the folded lower edges of the signatures S, and the book then moves into position over a brushing mechanism in the glue unit and when this has taken place, the brushing means are automatically moved upwardly and into contact with the glued lower edge of the book so that the glue is properly brushed as the advancing movement of the book takes place.

After passing the gluing and brushing unit 38, the books l3 continue their advancing movement between the clampng conveyors 35, and at the opposite ends of such clampmg conveyors the books are discharged onto a delivery conveyor unit 40, Fig. 1, which is effective to apply water to the glued edge of the book, thereby to prevent sticking of the book to the conveyor in the event that animal glue has been used, or to cause rapid cooling of the glue in case a synthetic glue has been used. From the delivery conveyor unit 40, the books are discharged onto or toward a final stacking table 41 where an operator removes the K books and places them in stacks or the like in preparation for the next operation.

Because of the nature of the various driving connections in the present machine, the construction and -opera tion of the clamping conveyors 35F and 35R will first be described. Thus, the details of the clamping conveyors are illustrated in Figs. 12 to 15, and in these figures it will be evident that the frame F comprises three main uprights 44, and 46. The upright elements 44 and 45 are spaced longitudinally of the machine and serve as supports for horizontally extending mounting frames 47F and 47R that support the clamping conveyors 35R and 35F. Thus, the upper faces of the uprights 44 and 45 are formed as flat mounting surfaces 48, and the mounting frames 47R and 47F rest upon and are secured to these two mounting surfaces 48. Each of the frames 47R and 47F is relatively long and rigid in character, and the mounting frame 47R carries a driving pulley 50R adjacent to its right-hand end as shown in Fig. 14. Adjacent to the left-hand end of the mounting frame 47R, an

idler pulley 51R is mounted, and the pulleys 50R and 51R have a relatively wide, endless steel belt 52R extended thereabout. The idler pulley 51R is mounted on a yoke 53R that is mounted in turn for endwise sliding movement in a bracket 54R that extends to the left from the left-hand end of the mounting frame 47R, and a spring 55R acts on the yoke 53R to maintain the belt 52R under tension between the tWo pulleys. The mounting of the idler pulley 51R is arranged with an adjustment structure 56R at the upper end of the pulley, thereby to enable the vertical axis of the pulley 51R to be adjusted so as to attain proper tracking of the belt 52R about the pulleys 50R and 51R.

The forward mounting frame 47F is similarly provided with a driving pulley 50F and an idler pulley 51F about which an endless steel belt 52F is extended, and the mounting of the idler pulley 51F is in all respects similar to the mounting on the idler pulley 51R.

The rear mounting frame 47R is permanently fixed in a predetermined relationship on the mounting surfaces 48, and this is accomplished by means of clamping bolts 58R that extend through the mounting frame 47R and into the supports 44 and 45.

The forward mounting frame 47F is, however, arranged for adjustment from front to rear of the machine so that the distance between the two adjacent runs of the belts 52R and 52F may rapidly be adjusted, for properly clamping books of different thickness, as will hereinafter he described, and to enable this to be accomplished,

" the mounting frame 47F has releasable clamping bolts 58F extended downwardly therefrom through slots 59 that are formed in the mounting surfaces 48, and hence when the bolts 58F are released, the mounting frame 47F may be adjusted from front to rear and may then be clamped in any desired position by tightening of the clamping bolts 58F.

In the present instance the clamping forces that must be applied by the adjacent runs of the belts 52F and 52R to the opposite faces of the books B are quite substantial, and to enable such forces to be applied without necessitating undue tightness or tension on the belts, the adjacent runs of these belts are arranged to run against upstanding back-up plates 60F and 60R that are formed as upwardly extending flanges on the frame 47R and 47L. The faces of the back-up plates 60F and 60R are covered by strips of molded bearing material 61F and 61R, thereby to avoid objectionable heating due to friction caused by the rapidly moving belts.

The adjustment of the front frame 47F is in the present instance attained by means including an operating hand wheel 62 that is fixed on the forward end of an adjusting shaft 63. This adjusting shaft is arranged at its rear end in a mounting bracket 64 so as to be held against endwise movement, and in its forward end portion, adjacent to the hand wheel 62, a screw threaded section MT is formed, this Screw threaded section being engaged with a nut 65, Fig. 16, that is afforded on the frame 47F adjacent to the forward edge of the frame 47F. In this connection it should be noted that the shaft 63 is dis posed in position over the supporting frame 45, and a similar adjusting shaft 66 is provided over the upright support 44. This shaft has a similar screw threaded portion that engages a nut 67 formed on the forward mounting frame 47F. The two adjusting shafts 64 and at; are arranged to be operated in unison by means including an endless connecting chain 7f? that extends about sprockets that are mounted on rear ends of the shafts 64 and 66.

When the forward conveyor 35 is being adjusted from font to rear, it is desirable that it be arranged to exert a predetermined clam-ping pressure on the books that are to be passed between the two clamping conveyors, and to enable this to be accomplished in a simple manner, the hand wheel 62 is connected to the shaft 63 by an over-- load release drive connection 72, Figs. 17 and 17A, which allows only a predetermined amount of force to be applied to the shaft 63. Thus, in adjusting the machine, several books are placed between the two conveyor belts 52R and 52F, and the hand wheel 63 is actuated until the overload clutch 72 started to slip. The forward frame 47F is then clamped into position by the tightening of the clamping bolts 58F. In affording the overload clutch 72, as shown in Figs. 17 and l7-A, a sleeve 73 is keyed at 73K onto the forward end of the shaft 63, and the hand wheel 62 has a central hub 62H that is rotatably supported on the sleeve 73 between an integral outer flange 73F and a hardened steel plate 74 that is fixed as a flange to the rear end of the sleeve 73 by means of cap screws 75. The hub 62H has a plurality of rearwardly opening spring pockets 76 formed therein in circumferentially spaced points, and detent balls 77 in the pockets "in are urged rearwardly and into engagement with the plate 74 by springs 77S contained in the pockets 76. The balls 77 are thus engaged with cone-shaped recesses 78 formed in the plate 74 at a spacing which corresponds to the spacing of the pockets 76. Hence, the engagement of the balls 77 with the recesses 78 will normally transmit the rotative movements of the hand wheel 62 to the shaft 63, but the strength of the springs 773 is so chosen that i when the conveyor position is being adjusted to apply clamping pressure to a book, the drive 72 will release when the proper clamping pressure has been applied to such book.

The pulleys R and 50F are constantly driven during the operation of the machine from the drive motor 43 which is disposed on the base 80 of the machine just to the left of the upright support 45, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15. The motor 43 serves to drive a speed reducing unit 438 which has an output shaft that has a sprocket '81 thereon from which a chain 82 extends past an adjustable idler sprocket 83 and about a relatively large sprocket 84 that is fixed on a shaft 85, this shaft being horizontally positioned so as to extend across the top of the upright support 46 directly beneath the axes of the pulleys 50R and 50F. The shaft 85 is supported at its rear end by a bracket 87, while at its front end a supporting bracket 88 is provided, these brackets being carried respectively on the frames 47R and 47F. The shaft 85 is arranged to drive the pulleys 50R and 50F in opposite directions, and these pulleys, as shown in Figs. 2 and 14, are supported on vertical. shafts 89F and 89R that are in turn supported on upper and lower brackets 90 and 91 that are fixed on the respective frames 47R and 47F. At the lower ends of the shaft 89F and 89R, bevel gears 92F and 92R are fixed, and the bevel gear 92R is arranged forwardly of and in a meshed relationship with a bevel gear 93R that is keyed onto the shaft 85. The bevel gear 92F is arranged rearwardly of and in a meshed relationship with respect to the bevel gear 93F that is splined onto the shaft 85, and these bevel gears 93F and 93R are so related to the bearings 87 and 88 that the bevel gears are maintained in a meshed relationship with the bevel gears 92 by such bearings.

The forward pressure conveyor 35 is arranged, as hereinbefore described, for adjustment from front to rear, and in the course of this adjustment, the bevel gear 93F is held between the gear 92F and the bearing bracket 88 so that the gear 93F moves along the shaft 85 by reason of its splined mounting thereon and the driving connection is thereby maintained for the pulley 50F.

At its rear end, the shaft 85 has a bevel gear 95 fixed thereon, and this bevel gear is in a meshed relationship with the bevel gear 96 that is fixed on a horizontal transmission shaft 97 which is supported in a bearing 98 that extends rearwardly from the upright support 45. The bearing bracket 98 also has a bearing for the rear end of the shaft 85 just rearwardly of the bearing 37. The transmission shaft 97 extends to the left along the rear side of the machine as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 12, 13 and 14, and at its left-hand end the shaft 97 is supported in a bearing bracket 99 that is fixed on the upright support 44 so as to extend rearwardly therefrom. A bevel gear 100 fixed on the shaft 97 adjacent to bearing bracket 99 is meshed with a bevel gear 101 that is fixed on a forwardly extending shaft 102, Figs. 12 and 13, thatis utilized as a source of power for driving the glue applying mechanism of the unit 38 and also for driving other mechanisms, including the book feeding mechanism associated with the magazine M, and the feed conveyor whereby the jogging action is applied to the books as they are advanced unto the clamping conveyors 35F and 35R. As shown in Fig. 1, the bevel gear connection 95 and 96 is enclosed by a protective housing 103, while the bevel gear connection afforded by the gears 101 and 102 is enclosed by a protective housing 103A, Similarly, as shown in Fig. l of the drawings, the chain connection 70 is housed by a removable casing 105.

In respect to many books that are to be handled on the present machine, it will be obvious that the width of the books may be such that only a relatively small lower portion of the book will be clamped between the aforesaid clamping conveyors, and, as will be evident in Fig. 1 of the drawings, a pair of stationary guide bars 107F and 107R are mounted on the casings 106F and 106R so that they may engage opposite side faces of the books B above the tops of the casings 106F and 106R. These guide bars 107F and 107R are adjustably supported so that they may be set in different vertical locations in accordance with the vertical size of the books B that are to be glued, and for this purpose a pair of opposing vertical mounting rods 108F are fixed on the frame 47F, and brackets afforded on the guide bar 107F surround these opposing rods 108F and are adapted to be secured in any vertically adjusted position along the rods by means including wing-headed screws 109R Similarly, the rear frame 47R has a pair of opposing vertical rods 108R, and

brackets on the rear guide rod 107R embrace these opposing rods, and are adapted to be clamped in any position by means including wing-headed set screws 109R.

As hereinabove pointed out, the constantly driven shaft 102 is utilized to afford driving power for the feeding mechanism that is associated with the magazine M and with the feeding mechanism that transports the individual books from the feeding mechanism to the clamping conveyors 35F and 35R. Thus, the shaft 102 has a gear 130, Figs. 12 and 13, fixed thereon that is meshed with a somewhat smaller gear 131 that is disposed upwardly and somewhat to the left of the shaft 102 as viewed in Figs. 12 and 13. The gear 131 is mounted on a horizontal shaft 133 that is carried at its rear end in a part of the bracket 99 and at its forward end such shaft is supported in a bracket 134. The shaft 133 serves as a support for a pair of sprockets 135 that in the present instance are fixed on the shaft so as to be disposed almost directly beneath the adjacent runs of the belts 52R and 52F. These sprockets 135 act as a driving means for a feed conveyor 136 that is made up of a pair of spaced, roller-type chains 135R and 135F. These two chains extend to the left in Fig. 13 and to the right as viewed in Fig. 5 so as to extend about other sprockets 137 that are fixed on a transverse shaft 138. The shaft 138 is disposed in an extension frame 139 that extends from the main frame F and is braced by means including upwardly extending arms 140. As shown in Figs. 7 and 9, the extension frame 139 includes a pair of spaced members 139R and 1391 and these two members form vertical rails along the upper edges of each of the two chains 135R and 135E are adapted to ride. The arrangement is such, however, that the chains 135R and 136F are given a rapidly reciprocating motion through. a relatively short stroke in vertical direction in the course of their movement along the upper portions of the frame members 139R and 1391- and for this purpose each of these two frame members has a corrugated track R and 1451 Figs. 7 and 10, fixed thereon so as to engage the rollers of the respective chains. The corrugations of the two tracks are somewhat in the nature of sine wave curves so that in the course of rapid movement of th two chains, the chains will be given a rapid vibration a vertical direction.

The two chains are connected by transverse carrier rods 146, as will be evident in Figs. 7, 10, 11 and 11-A, so that between the two chains a support may be afforded upon which books may be carried. These books B, of course, comprise a plurality of independent signatures S, as will be evident in Figs. 10 and lA, and, hence, the signatures must be held together during the time when they are advancing on the feed chain 135 from the magazine M and into the bight of the pressure conveyors. Thus, as will be evident in Figs. 4 and 5, guide members 150 and 150R are afforded above the feed chain 135 and between the magazine M and the adjacent end of the pressure conveyors. As shown in Fig. 4, the rear guide members 150R are supported in what may be termed a fixed transverse position in that they bear a particular relationship with respect to the rear pressure conveyor 358, but it will be noted that these guide members 150R, Fig. 5, may be set in different vertical positions along vertical supporting posts 150P. The forward guide member 1501 however, is supported in upstanding brackets 151 by means including horizontal adjusting screws 152 whereby the front side plate may be adjusted laterally of the feed conveyor 135 to attain the desired relationship with respect to the foreward pressure conveyor 35F when this pressure conveyor has been disposed in the desired adjusted relationship.

The magazine M as herein shown is afforded by a horizontal supporting plate 155 which extends forwardly from a point adjacent to but spaced from the forward edge of the feed conveyor 135 and the supporting plate 155 has a pair of adjustable side guides 156 thereon so that groups of signatures S may be put in position on the supporting plate 155 for feeding movement along supporting plate 155 and into position over the feed conveyor 135. Thus, as will be evident in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the support plate 155 is carried in part from the frame member 139F by means including a bracket 157, Fig. 9, and at its other or forward end a pair of supporting legs 158 is afiorded as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. A plurality of endless feed belts 15513 are extended across the top of the supporting plate 155 between the guides 156, and at the forward end of the platform or supporting plate 155 a shaft 159 is mounted by means of brackets 160, and this shaft has a plurality of pulleys 161 thereon over which the feed belts 1553 are extended. At its rear end, and between the end of the platform 155 and the frame135F, another shaft 164 is mounted, and this shaft has a plurality of drive pulleys 166 fixed thereon and over which the feed belts 155B extend. Thus, upon actuation or advancing movement of the belts 155B, the i groups of signatures in the magazine M may be advanced along the supporting plate 155 and toward a position over the feed conveyor 135. As such forward movement progresses, the leading group of signatures S is moved outwardly onto a plurality of projecting arms 168 that extend in a rearward direction from the supporting plate 155 so as to form an effective extension thereof. These arms 168 are arranged to terminate substantially in the plane. of the forward guide member 1501*, and the rear guide members 150R serve as an abutment against which the advancing group of signatures may be positioned. The arrangement is such that when the leading side face of the group of signatures engages such stop means, all of the signatures that are to constitute a book B are positioned for downward movement onto the feed conveyor 135. Thus, after the signatures in the magazine M have been advanced into abutment with the guide members 150R, the group of signatures that is to constitute a book B are moved downwardly into engagement with the feed conveyor 135.

When a book B is to be moved downwardly into engagement with the feed conveyor, this is accomplished by means of a feed plate 170 that is adjustably carried on the forward ends of a pair of rocking arms 171. These rocking arms 171 are supported at their rear ends by a pivot shaft 172, which is in turn carried in bearings 173 that are fixed on the mounting posts which support the rear guide members R. The rocking arms 171 may be actuated through rockingmovements so as to move the plate between the upper position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9 and the lower or actuated position shown in full lines in Fig. 9. This is accomplished by means including a vertical operating rod 175 that is extended upwardly through a pivot block 176 carried on an arm 177 which, as shown in Fig. 4, is fixed on the pivot shaft 172. The rod 175 may be fixed in any desired relation with respect to the pivot block 176 by means including a wing nut 176N. The rod 175 extends downwardly through a guide bracket 179 and a lower guide bearing 180, and at its lower end the rod 175 has a cam roller fixed thereon. A spring 182 surrounds the rod 175 below the guide bracket 179 and acts between the guide bracket and a collar 183 fixed on the rod 175 to urge the rod downwardly and thus maintain the roller 175 in engagement with an adjustable, single lobe cam 185. This cam 185 is carried at the rear end of a mounting sleeve 186 which is rotatably supported on a stub shaft 187 that is in turn carried on a bearing bracket 188 fixed to the rear surface of the frame member 139R. The sleeve 136 carries a sprocket 190 at its rear end whereby the cam 185 is driven in timed relation to the other parts of the machine, as will hereinafter be described.

When a book B has moved beyond the supporting arms 168 and has been shifted downwardly onto the supporting rods 146 of the feed chains, the rear or trailing edge of the book is engaged by feed lugs 195, shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. Similar feed lugs are afiorded at spaced points along the feed conveyor. These feed lugs are preferably formed as illustrated in Figs. 11 and ll-A of the drawings by providing upper and lower blocks 195U and 195L that are arranged to partially embrace adjacent cross rods 146, as shown in Fig. 11-A, and a fastening screw 196 is passed upwardly through the lower one of these blocks and is threaded into the upper block so as to clamp the opposed blocks into position on the chain. As soon as the trailing edge of the newly fed book B has been engaged by a feed lug 195, this book is advanced to the right in Fig. 4 toward the adjacent end of the clamping conveyor mechanism. In the course of this advancing movement, the book is not only subjected to the vertically applied jogging forces that result from the action of the rails 145, but this book is also subjected to resiliently applied downward forces, and to jogging forces applied to the rear edges of the signatures, so that prior to the time when the book reaches the clamping conveyor, the several signatures will have been located in a properly aligned relationship.

The downward forces that are applied to the upper edges of the signatures are attained through the use of spring means, and to this end, a horizontal mounting plate 200 is supported on adjustable brackets 201 from the upper guide member 150R, as will be evident in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings. The mounting plate 200 is arranged to overlie the path of the advancing books in the space between the feed plate 170 and the adjacent end of the clamping conveyor. On its lower face, the mounting plate 205 has a plurality of spring arms 202 that extend downwardly and in an advancing direction, or, in other words, to the left as viewed in Fig. 5. These arms are spaced longitudinally of the mounting plate 200, and thus the upper edges of the several signatures of a book are engaged yieldingly by these spring arms 202 in succession as the book advances from the magazine M to the clamping conveyors.

The jogging forces that are applied to the rear edges of the book B are attained through the use of a rear edge jogger mechanism 210 that is shown in detail in Figs. 6 and 7, and that is shown in its association with the other elements of the machine in Figs. 2, 4 and 5 of the drawings. This rear edge jogger mechanism 210 assaoor comprises an elongated jogger arm 211 that is so mounted and actuated that as a book B is moving forwardly with the feed conveyor 135, the jogger arm 211 is moved transversely of the feed conveyor and into position behind such book B, and then is moved forwardly or in an advancing direction so as to engage the rear edge of the book and apply vibrating or jogging movements to these rear edges in an advancing direction. After such rear edge jogging movements have been applied to the book for a substantial distance of advancing travel, the jogger arm 211 is withdrawn laterally from its position behind the book and is returned to its initial position so that it may be effective in the same manner upon the succeeding book B.

Thus, as shown in detail in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings, the jogger arm 211 is mounted on and actuated by a pair of operating chains 215 and 216, both of which are of endless form, as will be evident in Fig. 6. These chains 215 and 216 are of the roller bearing type, and are mounted in a common horizontal plane just rearwardly of the feed conveyor 135. The chain 215 is supported at its opposite ends by a driven sprocket 315A and an adjustable idler sprocket 215B that are disposed on vertical axes which are spaced in equal amounts from the line of travel of the feed conveyor.

Thus, the chain 215 is supported between the two sprockets 215A and 215B so that two relatively long runs of the chain between the two sprockets are parallel to the path of movement of the feed conveyor. These two runs of the chain are guided by means including a guide block 215C, disposed between the two sprockets and engaging the straight runs of the chain on the internal surfaces thereof.

The chain 216 is similarly supported on a drive sprocket 216A and an adjustable idler or take-up sprocket 216B that are mounted on vertical axes rearwardly of the chain 215 so that the straight runs of the chain 216 will also be parallel to the path of the feed conveyor. A similar intermediate block 216C is disposed between the two runs of the chain 216 to maintain these runs of the chain in straight line paths between the two mounting sprockets. It will be observed that the two sprockets that support the chain 216 are disposed in position somewhat in an advancing direction with respect to the sprockets that support the chain 215. In other words, as viewed in Fig. 6, the advancing direction of the feed conveyor is indicated by an arrow, and the offset of the chain 216 with respect to the chain 215 is in the advancing direction that is thus indicated.

The two chains 215 and 216 are driven in unison or, in other words, at the same speed, so that the runs thereof that are adjacent to the feed conveyor move in the advancing direction above described. Thus, the drive sprockets 215A and 216A are fixed, respectively, on vertical shafts 2158 and 2168 that are rotatably supported in a mounting block 220 so as to extend downwardly beneath this block. These shafts have drive gears 215G and 216G fixed thereon near their lower ends, and these gears are interconnected by an idler gear 221 that is supported beneath the mounting block 220. The shaft 2168 has a bevel gear 222 fixed thereon beneath the gear 216G, and this bevel gear is meshed with a bevel gear 223 that is rotatably supported on a bearing sleeve 224 and a stub shaft 225 disposed on a rearwardly projecting horizontal axis in the mounting block 188. The bevel gear 223 has a drive sprocket 226 fixed thereon, as shown in Fig. 7, so that the rear edge jogger unit 21h may be driven in timed relation to the other elements in the machine, as will hereinafter be described.

The jogger arm 211 is mounted on the two chains 215 and 216 as best shown in Figs. and 6 so that the jogger arm is actuated through the desired cycle of movement as hereinabove described. For this purpose, the jogger arm 211 has an elongated slot 211S formed longitudinally thereof, and this slot is arranged to slidably embrace an upwardly extending mounting bolt or stud 230 that is afforded as an extension of one of the connecting pins of the chain 215. Above the arm 211, a washer 231 is positioned about the stud 230, and a nut 232 holds the washer 231 against undesired upward displacement. The arm 211 also extends in a rearward direction to a point over the chain 216, and a similar stud and washer arrangement 234 is afforded as an extension of one of the pivot pins of the chain 216, this stud and washer arrangement 234 also being arranged in a similar manner in respect to the slot 2118. An anchoring pin 235 extends upwardly from the arm 211 adjacent to its rear end, and a tension spring 236 extends between this stud 235 and an upward extension 237 of the stud 230. Thus, the spring 236 normally acts to yieldingly urge the arm 211 in a forward direction until the left-hand end of the slot 2118 engages the stud 234, and this yielding force, applied to the arm 211, functions in causing the arm 211 to have a vibrating motion, as will 'be hereinafter described. In this respect, it may be pointed out that at its right-hand or forward end, the arm 211 has a relatively narrow tooth 211T projecting longitudinally therefrom, and this tooth is adapted to engage a saw tooth rack 240 that extends longitudinally along the forward side of the feed conveyor. This rack 240 is carried by a mounting bar or housing 241 that is adjustably supported by screw and nut devices 242 and brackets 243 so that the housing 241 may be adjusted from front to rear with respect to the feed conveyor. The rack 240 is arranged so that it is urged yieldingly in a forward direction to an extent that is limited by a pair of overhanging shoulders 241$ disposed adjacent to the ends of the housing 241. The forward yielding force is afforded by a leaftype spring 244 that is disposed within the housing 241 so as to urge the rack 240 in a rearward or lefthand direction, as viewed in Fig. 6. With the rack 240 thus positioned, the tooth 211T is arranged to ride along and across the several teeth of the rack as the arm 211 moves in an advancing direction along the feed conveyor, and this causes the arm 211 to vibrate somewhat in a direction parallel to the path of movement of the feed conveyors, and thus a jogging action is attained in respect to the rear or tailing edge of the book that is at this location on the conveyor.

In Fig. 6 of the drawings, the path of movement of the jogging arm 21]., as it enters into position behind a book, and as it is withdrawn from such position, has been indicated by series of dotted lines that have been numbered in succession, and the location of the right-hand ends of such numbered lines will serve as an indication of successive locations of the end portion of the jogging arm 211. Thus, in respect to the forward or entering movements of the jogging arm 211, it will be noted that by reason of the oifset endwise location of the two chains 215 and 216, the arm 211 is disposed in a slightly angular relation as it starts its entering movement. This position has been indicated by the numeral 1, and successive positions has been indicated by the numerals 2, to 7, inclusive. A comparison of these successive positions shows that as the arm 211 enters in a transverse direction over the conveyor, it also .moves in an advacing direction, and just after it reached the position indicated by the numeral 7, it will engage the book B, and will shortly thereafter become engaged with the rack 240 so as to have jogging or vibrating movements applied thereto. The timing and arrangement of the parts is such that. the jogging arm 211, in its advancing movement, actually advances the book B slightly with respect to the lug that is disposed rearwardly of the book, and hence the jogging action of the arm 213i is rendered effective to the maximum degree. When the jogging action has been applied for a considerable length of travel along the feed conveyor, the arm 211 starts upon its withdrawing cycle of movement. Several successive positions through. which the jogging arm 211 moves in this cycle have been indicated by numbered lines from 7 to 14, and it will be noted in respect to this withdrawing cycle of movement that the arm 211 first is withdrawn in a retracting direction, or in other words, in a direction opposite to the aforesaid advancing direction, and thereafter it assumes an angular position as it is withdrawn in a rearward direction to the relationship shown by numbered line 14. The withdrawing movement, of course, proceeds beyond that indicated by the numbered line 14 and the arm 211 is subsequently returned through the position indicated by the numbered line 1 so that it may proceed with the next entering and jogging operation, which will be the same as that above described.

As the book is further advanced after the aforesaid rear edge jogging by the unit 210, it is moved into the bight of the clamping conveyors so as to be clamped therebetween for further advancing movement, and the clamped relationship of the books B between the clamping conveyors is such that the lower edges of the book, which are to be glued as described in our aforesaid patent, are disposed somewhat below the lower edges of the belts 52F and 52R of the clamping conveyors. After a book B has been clamped between the clamping conveyors, the lug 195 is caused to be retracted gradually downwardly and out of contact with the book B, as shown in Fig. 13, this being accomplished by gradual downward taper on the upper surfaces of the rails 145, which in the area opposite the clamping conveyors, have smooth upper surfaces.

Somewhat beyond the right-hand end of the feed conveyor 136, as viewed in Fig. 12, and after the books have been firmly clamped between the clamping conveyors, the books are moved across the glue applying and brushing unit 38. The manner in which the gluing and brushing unit is operative to apply and brush glue on to the backs of the books is fully described and claimed in our aforesaid patent and therefore need not be repeated in the present description.

After the lower edges of the books B have been glued and brushed in the unit 38, further advancing movement thereof by the clamping conveyors moves the books into position on a cooling and moistening belt which constitutes a portion of the unit 40 of the machine, Fig. 1. This unit is also described in detail in our aforesaid patent so that the description thereof need not be repeated here.

The drive for the cam 185 and for the rear edge jogger unit 210 is derived through a common chain drive from the shaft 133 which, of course, is constantly driven from the gear 130, as hereinabove described. Thus, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the shaft 133 has a sprocket 335 fixed thereon and an endless chain 386 is extended, as will hereinafter be described, so as to drivingly connect this sprocket 385 with the sprocket 190 that is associated with the cam 185, and the sprocket 226 that is mounted on the axis of the shaft 225 and which serves as the driving source for the rear edge jogger unit 210. The chain 336 is extended from the upper edge of the sprocket 385 in a right-hand direction and somewhat downwardly, as viewed in Fig. 5, and is extended beneath and about a guide sprocket 387 and is then reversely extended to the left beneath the sprocket 225 and then upwardly about the left-hand side of such sprocket and then to the right from the top of this sprocket, as shown in Fig. 5'. The chain is then extended across the top of the sprocket 190 and around the right-hand edge thereof, and it is then extended downwardly and to the right about a stationary guide sprocket 388, from which sprocket the chain extends further to the left and in an upward direction past a take-up sprocket 38% and to the lower edge of the sprocket 385. This serves to drive the rear edge jogger unit 210 and the feed cam 135 in timed relation to the other elements in the machine.

The feed belts 15513 of the magazine M are also driven in timed relation to the operation of the machine, but such belts 155B are intermittently driven and are actuated in each cycle in an amount that may be adjusted in accordance with the thickness of the books that are being glued. Thus, as shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 4-A, the shaft 164-, upon which the belt-actuating pulleys 166 are mounted, is connected by a universal joint 390 to one end of a transmitting shaft 391., the other end of which is connected by a universal joint 392 to a horizontal shaft 3%. This shaft 393 is disposed in an aligned relationship with respect to a drive shaft 394, and is adapted to be connected to the shaft 394 by means of a ratchet type clutch that will be described in detail hereinafter. The shaft 394 is connected by bevel gears 396 to the cross-shaft 133 which drives the feed conveyor 136, and the drive shaft 394 is, therefore, constantly rotated during operation of the machine. The ratchet type clutch is etfective to operatively connect the shaft 394 to the shaft 3% throughout a predetermined and adjustable angular portion of the rotative travel of the shaft 394, thereby to cause an adjustable advancing movement of the belts 15533 in each cycle of machine operation. This is accomplished by affording a rachet wheel 400 that is fixed on the shaft 393 adjacent to its righthand end as viewed in Fig. 4, and on the shaft 394 adjacent to the ratchet wheel 400, a transversely extending carrier arm is fixed so that it is constantly rotated with the shaft in a plane adjacent to the ratchet wheel 400. The carrier arm set has a transverse rock shaft 40?; mounted on one end thereof and parallel to the axis of the shaft 394. On one end of this shaft 403, a drive pawl 404 is fixed so that by rocking movement of the shaft 403, the pawl may be moved into or out of engagement with respect to the ratchet wheel 400. An arm 405 on the shaft 403 has a spring 406 acting thereon between the other end of the carrier arm 401 and the arm 405 to tend to rotate the shaft 403 to engage the drive pawl 404 with the ratchet wheel 400. Such engagement is, however, controlled by a pair of adjustable, stationarily mounted cams 41 3A and 4103, each of which has a lobe L that extends through substantially 180 of the periphery of the cam. The cams 410A and 410B have arcuateslots formed therein throughout substantially so that a locking bolt 411 may extend therethrough while at the same time permitting the desired angular adjustment of these cams, as will hereinafter be described. The two cams 410 are disposed against the left-hand face of a mounting bracket 412 that is secured to the frame of the machine in such a position that the shaft 394 passes through such bracket. The location of the cams 410 is such that these cams are relatively close to the carrier arm 401, and the arm 405 of the rock shaft 403 has a relatively long cam roller 415 mounted on the end thereof so that the spring 406 normally tends to maintain the roller 415 in engagement with the edge surfaces of the two cams 410. The cams 410 are so adjusted that the desired angular engagement of the pawl 404 with the ratchet wheel 400 is attained in each cycle of operation of the machine, and it might be pointed out in this respect that so long as the roller 415 is in engagement with either of the lobes L of these cams, the pawl 404 is disengaged, but during the balance of the rotative movement of the shaft 304, or, in other words, when the roller 415 is opposite the low portions of the earns, the pawl 404 is engaged with the ratchet wheel 400 and serves to drive the belts B. It might be pointed out that the extent of movement of the belts 155B, is in most instances, arranged to be somewhat greater than the thickness of the books that are being fed, this expedient serving to insure completion of the feeding movement despite the fact that the books are fed merely by friction of the belts against the lower edges of the books.

In the gluing of books, it has been found that in some instances the assembly of the books has been carelessly done, and in such an instance a book that has been sewn together may include one or more extra signatures S so as to be of an unduly great thickness. When such an 13 oversize book is fed into the machine, it will be evident that the clamping action between the two clamping conveyors will be disturbed, and while this situation does not arise very frequently, it may be considered desirable to avoid the adverse effects that follow in many instances. Thus, it will be clear that when an oversize book is encountered, it will necessarily tend to separate or spread the clamping conveyors, thereby tending to release the clamping action on the adjacent books that may be between the clamping conveyors, and this may result in spoiling one or more books. In order that this may be avoided in those instances where the cost is considered objectionable, one of the back-up structures associated with the clamping conveyors may take the form illustrated in Figs. 13-A and 13-B of the drawings. In accomplishing this, the rear rail 60R is shown in Fig. 13 as being of a somewhat greater thickness than in Fig. 16, and the bearing strip 61R is illustrated as being mounted on the rail 60R by means of springs 420 that are seated at their opposite ends in mounting recesses 421 and 422 formed, respectively, in the members 61R and 60R. These springs are arranged at relatively close intervals, and a row of springs is disposed adjacent the upper edge as well as the lower edge of the bearing strip 61R. With this arrangement, the belt 52R may conform with the thickness of the books that are encountered, and in the event that an oversize book passes into the clamping conveyor mechanism, it'will cause the belt 52R to be moved rearwardly only in that area that is opposite or immediately adjacent to such book, the other portions of the belt remaining in their normal plane so as to maintain the desired clamping action on the adjacent books that are of the proper size. This avoids unclamping of the adjacent books by an oversize book and insures that there will be no spoilage of books that are otherwise satisfactory.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the present invention enables gluing to be performed at a relatively high rate of speed while at the same time insuring uniformity and accuracy in the finished product.

It will also be apparent from the foregoing description that the present invention enables the signatures to be fed automatically into the gluing machine in groups, and enables the signatures included in each such group to be readily shifted and positioned one with respect to the other so as to insure accuracy and uniformity in the finished product. Moreover, the present invention enables such automatic feeding of the group of signatures and such positioning or aligning of the signatures of such group with respect to each other to be readily and easily attained, and enables this to be accomplished at a relatively high rate of speed in such a way that the opera tions may be performed by mechanism of a character that may be simply and easily maintained.

It will also be clear that the present invention affords a book back gluing machine that is capable of handling books of different thicknesses, and that the machine is so arranged to enable the machine to be set quickly and easily for any different thickness of book.

We claim:

1. In a machine for gluing book backs, a clamping conveyor comprising a pair of endless belts, guiding and driving pulleys for the respective belts mounted on vertical axes and operable to dispose said belts with a first run of one belt disposed in opposed and adjacent relation -to a first run of the other belt so that said first runs of the two belts constitute clamping runs between which a group of signatures that are to constitute a book may be clamped with the folded edges of the signatures exposed in a horizontal plane beneath said clamping runs of said belts, back-up means for the clamping runs of said belts to assure uniformity of clamping of such a group of signatures during advancing movement by said belts, a supply magazine for containing a plurality of groups of signatures, feed means for withdrawing such goups one by one from said magazine, a jogging conveyor extended from said feed means to said clamping belts and onto which said groups are discharged by said fuel means with the folded edges of the signatures facing downwardly and resting on said jogging conveyor, means for imparting vertical vibrating movements to said jogging conveyor, and a rear edge jogger operable to impart jogging movements to the rear or trailing edges of each such group while it is on said jogging conveyor.

2. In a machine for gluing book backs, a clamping conveyor means comprising a pair of endless belts, guiding and driving pulleys for the respective belts mounted on parallel axes and operable to dispose said belts with a first run of one belt disposed in opposed and adjacent relation to a first run of the other belt so that said first runs of the two belts constitute clamping runs between which a group of signatures that are to constitute a book may be clamped with the folded edges of the signatures exposed in a plane parallel to said clamping runs of said belts, back-up means for the clamping runs of said belts to assure uniformity of clamping of such a group of signature-s during advancing movement of said belts, a supply magazine for containing a plurality of groups of signatures, feed means for withdrawing such groups one by one from said magazine, a jogging conveyor extended from said feed means to said clamping belts and onto which said groups are discharged by said feed means, means for imparting vertical vibrating movements to said jogging conveyor, and a rear edge jogger operable to impart jogging movements to the rear or trailing edges of each such group while it is on said jogging conveyor.

3. In a machine for gluing book backs, a clamping conveyor comprising means for clamping a group of signatures that are to constitute a book with the folded edges of the signatures exposed in a horizontal plane beneath said clamping means, a jogging conveyor leading to said clamping conveyor and onto which said groups are to be fed with the folded edges of the signatures facing downwardly and resting on said jogging conveyor, means for imparting vertical vibrating movements to said jogging conveyor, and a rear edge jogger operable to impart jogging movements to the rear or trailing edges of each such group while it is on said jogging conveyor.

4. In a machine for gluing book backs, a clamping conveyor comprising means for clamping a group of signatures that are to constitute a book with the folded edges of the signatures exposed in a horizontal plane beneath said clamping means, a supply magazine for containing a plurality of groups of signatures, feed means for withdrawing such groups one by one from said magazine, a jogging conveyor extended from said feed means to said clamping conveyor and onto which said groups are discharged by said feed means with the folded edges of the signatures facing downwardly and resting on said jogging conveyor, means for imparting vertical vibrating movements to said jogging conveyor, and a rear edge jogger operable to impart jogging movements to the rear or trailing edges of each such group while it is on said jogging conveyor.

5. In a book back gluing machine, movable clamping means for transporting a succession of books past a gluing station, and feeding and aligning mechanism for aligning the signatures of such books and feeding the same to said clamping means, said feeding and aligning mechanism comprising a conveyor upon which a succession of books may be supported vertically on edge and moved along a predetermined path into cooperation with said clamping means, and means operable while such a book is being moved along said path to impart jogging movements to the vertical rear edge of the book and likewise operable on each succeeding book to impart thereto jogging movements as aforesaid.

6. In a book back gluing machine, movable clamping meansfor transporting a succession of books past a gluing station, and feeding and aligning mechanism for aligning the signatures of such books and feeding the same to said clamping means, said feeding and aligning mechanism comprising a conveyor upon which a succession of books may be supported on, edge and moved along a predetermined path into cooperation with said clamping means, and means operable while such a book is being moved along said path to impart jogging movements to one edge of the book in a direction parallel to said pa h and to another edge of the book in another direction perpendicular to said path,

7. In a book back gluing machine, movable clamping means for transporting a succession of books past a gluing station, and feeding and aligning mechanism for aligning the signatures of such books and feeding the same to said clamping means, said feeding and aligning mechanism comprising a conveyor upon which a succession of books may be supported on edge and moved in an advancing direction along a predetermined path into cooperation with said clamping means, means operable to impart vertical jogging movements to the conveyor, and a rear edge jogger having a jogger arm, a pair of endless chains mounted in a common plane and driven in unison, one of said chains being displaced in said leading direction with respect to the other chain, and means supporting said arm on the two chains to move said arm through an operating cycle in which the arm enters between successive books on said conveyor and imparts jogging movements to the trailing edge of the book located ahead of the arm on said conveyor and in which the arm is then withdrawn from between the books for entry into the space behind the next book.

8. In a book back gluing machine, movable clamping means for transporting a succession of books past a gluing station, and feeding and aligning mechanism for aligning the signatures of such books and feeding the same to said clamping means, said feeding and aligning mechanism comprising a conveyor upon which a succession of books may be supported on edge and moved along a predetermined path into cooperation with said clamping means, means including rollers on said conveyor and at least one wavy track upon which said rollers ride to impart vertical jogging movements to the conveyor, and a rear edge jogger having a jogger arm operable to enter between successive books on said conveyor and to impart jogging movements to the trailing edge of the book located ahead of the arm on said conveyor and is then withdrawn from between the books for entry into the space behind the next book.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 845,369 Murray Feb. 26, 1907 1,090,473 Gullberg et al Mar. 17, 1914 1,134,221 Nilsson Apr. 6, 1915 2,135,806 Fermann et a1 Nov. 8, 1938 2,169,114 Sieb Aug. 8, 1939 2,213,392 Griflith Sept. 3, 1940 2,563,184 Naylor Aug. 7, 1951 2,602,554 Griffith July 8, 1952 2,613,375 Smith Oct. 14, 1952 2,645,327 Hildmann July 14, 1953 2,679,924 Powell June 1, 1954 2,682,216 Shields June 29, 1954 

